- Windows: use 7-Zip → right-click files → 7-Zip → Add to archive → set password → choose AES-256.
- Mac: Terminal:
zip -er MyArchive.zip folder/(prompts for password). - Always use AES-256, not the older ZipCrypto. It’s the difference between a padlock and a combination lock.
Why create an encrypted ZIP?
Password-protecting a ZIP is the simplest way to send sensitive files by email, upload them to a cloud service, or hand them off on a USB drive. Anyone intercepting the archive still can’t read the contents without the password.
Create an encrypted ZIP on Windows
The easiest method uses 7-Zip. The built-in Windows tool does not support encryption.
- Install 7-Zip From 7-zip.org, free.
- Select your files or folder In File Explorer, highlight what you want to encrypt.
- Right-click → 7-Zip → Add to archive… On Windows 11, click Show more options first.
- Set the archive format to “zip” (Keep the .zip format for maximum compatibility — recipients won’t need 7-Zip to open it.)
- Enter a password in the Encryption box Type a strong password (16+ characters, mixed case, numbers, symbols).
- Set “Encryption method” to AES-256 This is the critical step. The default is often ZipCrypto, which is weak.
- Click OK Your encrypted .zip appears next to the original files.
Create an encrypted ZIP on Mac
macOS includes a command-line zip tool that supports passwords. It uses ZipCrypto by default — which is OK for casual use but not for sensitive data. For AES-256, use Keka or The Unarchiver’s sibling app Archiver.
Method 1 — Terminal (ZipCrypto, built-in)
- Open Terminal
Cmd + Space, type Terminal, Enter. - Navigate to the folder containing your files Use
cd ~/Desktop/or similar. - Run the zip command Type:
zip -er SecureArchive.zip MyFolder/(the-eenables encryption;-rincludes sub-folders). - Enter a password twice Terminal prompts for a password, then to confirm. You won’t see the characters as you type.
Method 2 — Keka (AES-256, recommended)
- Install Keka From keka.io or the App Store.
- Open Keka and choose ZIP format In Keka’s window, select ZIP and enable the Method: AES-256 option.
- Set a password Enter it in the password field at the bottom.
- Drag files onto Keka The encrypted ZIP appears in the same folder.
Choosing a strong password
- Length over complexity. A 16-character random string is stronger than an 8-character one with symbols. Aim for 20+ characters for sensitive data.
- Use a passphrase. Four random words (like
correct-horse-battery-staple) are easy to remember and very hard to crack. - Don’t reuse passwords you’ve used elsewhere.
- Use a password manager (1Password, Bitwarden) to generate and store the password. Share it via the manager’s secure-sharing feature.
When NOT to use encrypted ZIPs
For truly sensitive data (financial records, health information, source code), encrypted ZIPs are a reasonable layer but not the strongest option:
- Use end-to-end encrypted file transfer like Tresorit Send, Wormhole, or Proton Drive.
- Encrypt the whole disk or folder using built-in tools like BitLocker (Windows) or FileVault (Mac). See our guide on password-protecting folders.
- Use a VPN + SFTP for regular business file transfers.